Dog wants to kill cat Unfortunately, dogs kill cats occasionally, and in many cases, the dog owner is completely blindsided and cannot understand why their usually sweet dog would kill a cat. The Predatory Nature: Why Dogs Target Cats Dogs and cats may seem like classic companions, but the reality is that a dog’s natural predatory instincts can sometimes lead to tragic encounters with felines. I just took away something, and I'm supposed to be the most trusted person to him. 4. Similarly, a cat may approach a dog with friendly intentions, but the dog may interpret this as an aggressive act. We will take a closer look at some potential causes and tips on how to deal with the situation—and how to prevent it from happening again. Many thoughts may go through the mind of the dog owner, such as, “Why did my dog do that? What exactly happened? Turns out, it’s normal predatory action for dogs to attack cats invading their personal territory. Did you know? Oct 8, 2025 · The 11 Ways to Identify Dog Aggression Toward Cats There are many reasons why your dog could become aggressive towards cats, sometimes seemingly without any warning. Whenever your dog wants to pursue a cat, get their attention. Understand the risks and learn prevention tips. Is there any hope of integrating a new kitten into your home, in a way that is peaceful and safe for all parties involved? The answer is yes! Thousands of households contain cats and dogs, that get along just fine. I had a Plott hound who recognized just three classes of animals: dogs, humans and prey. Feb 4, 2025 · Trying to get rid of mice when you have pets around is always risky. She was absolutely crazy and I saw she was going to kill the cat if only had chance to it. It's like I killed my own child/friend. In many cases, it is a manifestation of the dog’s predatory drive, an instinctive behavior deeply rooted in their evolutionary history. You'll feel betrayed, and in your last moments, you feel nothing but anger and hurt. Oct 31, 2015 · Domestic house cats and have similar personality structures to African lions with high inclinations toward dominance, impulsiveness and neuroticism, the researchers found. Mar 28, 2025 · Should you put your dog down for killing your cat? Learn about the factors to consider when making this difficult decision, including the dog's history and behavior. Maybe the cat was trying to get the kitten. It's an event that no one wants to deal with. As much as we love our furry companions, there are times when dogs and cats don’t get along. May 12, 2021 · German Shepherds will often attack and kill cats to eliminate competition within their territories. Oct 25, 2018 · The co-CEO of an in-home pet euthanasia business explains how to make putting down your pet easier, including different options and costs. Plus, German Shepherds also find killing cats and other small animals good fun and practice to hone their hunting skills. At the heart of this dynamic is the dogs’ innate drive to hunt and chase smaller prey. Research conducted by various animal protection agencies and interest groups places abusers into one of three categories: Unwitting abusers don’t set out to harm How to Train Dogs Not to Kill Cats. With more adoptable pets than ever, we have an urgent need for pet adopters. Then suddenly about a week ago he chased after this stray cat full speed grabbed her and killed her. Body language is a key indicator of your dog's intentions, so look out for tension, hackles, and tail movements. You get frantic calls and texts about your cat being sick—but when you come home, it doesn’t appear to be much of an emergency. Oct 8, 2025 · The 11 Ways to Identify Dog Aggression Toward Cats There are many reasons why your dog could become aggressive towards cats, sometimes seemingly without any warning. Sometimes this happens when the cat gets too close to the dog, but other times she’ll see the cat running through one of the cat doors and she chases after him, lunging and barking at the barrier. I’d suggest a therapist to unpack it all and make sure it’s just Apr 12, 2021 · Is your dog suddenly attacking your cats? Here are some possible causes of such behavior and a few solutions you can try. Jun 15, 2014 · Savannah cat kicking dog bootay. On breed mix: That's two hunting hounds, so not a very promising combination. In this article, we will explore the most No, your dog probably won't kill your adult cat. I don't want to be an animal abuser. Jun 4, 2019 · I dont really remember what really causef the insident but the next I remember my dog was jumping towards me and trying to grab the cat with his teeth. That's plenty big enough to injure/kill a cat. And I have a dog and a cat living together as if they were of Jan 10, 2022 · Is your dog attacking other animals and even killing them? There's hope. Usually, dogs kill cats for the same reason that they shred their favorite chew toy—they just got too rough. While some dogs will bark aggressively, have stiff posture, and pull madly at the leash, others will whine and bark as a sign of agitation, excitement, stress, or even happiness. Whenever she sees my cat, she tries to kill her and yips and barks and chases her like crazy. Especially with your boyfriend being so flippant about it and ignoring the glaring warning signs as his dog being "scared". If you had found the cat and greeted him like you always do, he would have had a totally different response. He is only doing what his instincts suggest. What would make anyone want to hurt a poor, innocent animal? Psychologist’s Reply There several different reasons why some people abuse animals. 7 million cats in the United States each year, with predatory aggression being the typical cause. Have you just watched your dog staring through the window at a cat stalking across the backyard and realized that if he got loose, he I don't believe there is a humane solution here that doesn't involve rehoming either the cats or the dog. Apr 28, 2020 · Cat bites are very prone to infection, but a dog bite can kill a cat if your dog gets hurt and snaps out of reflex. As you may know, intentionally harming or killing a cat is illegalwhether they're owned, stray, or unowned. Feb 22, 2018 · For these reasons, you are going to want to teach your German Shepherd not to chase cats. How is your dog getting access to these cats? Well we live in area where we have a lot stray cats that past through the yard. This type of behaviour is considered normal and natural, as dogs do not share our human conception of cats as fundamentally different from backyard wildlife. So basically, I'm thinking I'm going to kill her. If you are a German Shepherd owner or an owner-to-be, with cats at home or at your neighbor’s, you might want to read on. Therefore, it’s pretty natural for German Shepherds to kill cats as all dogs want to eradicate cats. She is a good girl - very, very intelligent and sweet. . Using the word “euthanasia” masks what really happens to cats in pounds and shelters – they are killed. Even if you keep them separate your cat won't understand that a part of their home is off limits and there will always be that risk. Oct 10, 2018 · The cat kill was only that one moment for him. Thus, a dog’s willingness to kill a cat comes from the environment in which they live. Putting a TLDR here as this is a long post: our new adult dog is obsessed with our cats and has tried to bite one of them several times. Concern #5: How can I support my grieving cat if my dog has killed another cat? Sometimes my dog ignores him, but other times she’ll lunge and bark at the cat. No one wants their mom to kill them. I have to figure out a way to murder this cat, as humanely as possible, and be able to make it look like a car hit her or something, so my wife and kids don't suspect anything. If you want to ensure your pet's life, you must do your due diligence! Many shelters pretend to be No Kill, but in reality they save far fewer than the bare minimum threshold of 90% to qualify as a No Kill shelter. You are correct that she wants to hunt and kill your cats. If your dog is Let’s face it, as dog owners we’ve heard of instances where our dog or a friend’s dog ends up killing their cat or a neighbor’s cat. You should supervise your dog closely with small dogs, cats, and other small animals. Oct 29, 2024 · Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube. May 14, 2019 · However, just because your dog wants to chase cats, doesn’t mean he’s a bloodthirsty killer who wants to enjoy cats for supper. We must understand what makes these behaviors happen by looking at how animals interact, their history, and the environment around them. May 3, 2014 · From what I understood from your email, your German Shepherd is 9-month-old and a very good dog. If your dog is happy to have a new friend and is going after the kitten so they can play, most likely it is only when the kitten is moving and playing that you’ll have a problem. Jun 5, 2009 · Reader’s Question I would like to know more about the causes of animal abuse. Both of these may not show “blood So it would not come as a surprise when they become aggressive when an unsuspecting cat would try to eat their food or cross their territory. Make sure the rabies Jul 2, 2024 · Discover the compassionate choice of cat euthanasia at home: peaceful, private, and comforting for your beloved feline companion. Ok so if your dog wants to kill the cat you will see, Hackles are high and tail is up Body is stiff and standing tall Dog doesn’t really bark just watch’s Won’t react to you when you call their name Will stay in one spot watching the cat over a long period of time If the dog just wants to play you will see, Dog is whimpering Looks at you when cat goes away or comes over to you Comes when Sep 14, 2023 · Human Family Pet owners that properly train dogs to respect one another won’t have a problem with dogs and cats killing one another. When I hug my dog my brain wants me to SQUEEEZE him because he’s so cute and I just want to hug him harder…lots of my friends get this too. Understanding these triggers helps the owner manage the dog’s behavior effectively. Big bruiser felines faced with a tiny Chihuahua puppy could consider Apr 14, 2025 · Why does my dog want to play with my cat? One of the really common explanations for play between cats and dogs is that it almost acts as a mechanism for translation. I tried to adopt her out, but no one wants an emotionally fractured ex-feral cat. I'm struggling to get the situation under control. Dog wanting to attack cats? I adopted a roughly 1 yr old spayed female. It is important to note that not all Golden Retrievers will exhibit aggressive behavior towards cats, and many can coexist peacefully with them Mar 6, 2022 · A dog can kill a cat either due to territorial-based aggression, stress, or poor socialization; In some cases, it can even be accidental. It's encouraging that the dog is all right with outdoor cats. Cats can hold up on their own in many different ways. I found the cat growling at the dog, and the dog simply sitting and watching it from a few feet away. dog taking it, male Burmese cat falling in love with female GSD and practically pulling a Glenn Close in Fatal Attraction with this poor dog daily, literally chasing her from room to room to roll over her nose and fall over her head. Keep your Dec 7, 2017 · You want to add a feline furry, friend to your family, but your family already contains a dog, who happens to have very little experience with cats. Oct 8, 2025 · The dog probably isn’t even trying to kill the cat, but that’s what happens when they play too roughly. Why does my dog keep trying to kill the kitten? If your dog perceives the cat as a threat to his territory, he will be looking to eliminate the kitten. I never would. Once your child gets older, it becomes disturbing. Explore why pit bulls killing cats can lead to tragic outcomes for both species. I'm hoping someone can offer some advice on what I can do. If you are trying to identify the reasons why dogs kill cats as well as the solutions to this problem, please read my article for further information. But I don’t want to strangle or slam him on the ground. Fortunately, there are several tips and strategies you can use to prevent this from happening. Often, conflicts between cats and dogs occur due to misinterpretations and miscommunications. Before taking drastic measures and considering the dog evil, it’s important to better understand the behavior and get a grasp on what likely happened. The sad reality is that it's inevitable for a dog owner to perceive their dog rather differently once it ends up killing their cat or someone else's for that matter. Nov 13, 2017 · Learn how to train your dog to not kill cats using desensitizing, alternative behavior, and exercise and obedience methods. Decisions to kill reflect the operating interests of facilities, not the best interests of animals. You can watch for multiple signs to determine its intentions. However, this can also be dangerous for you, your dog, and other hikers, and is extremely damaging to wildlife, as we already discussed. In some cases, dogs can become aggressive towards cats, even to the point of killing them. Cats, with their nimble movements and size, often trigger a dog’s predatory response. While this is true among some breeds like Pitbull, it is not a habit of dogs to kill cats. It just wasn't worth it to have our cats life in constant danger. While there is no definitive answer to whether a dog will kill again after such an incident, it is important to assess the individual dog’s breed, history, temperament, and relationship with the cat to determine the likelihood of future incidents. Was it the mom? Or maybe the cat attacked her first and she didn't realize she would kill it. I'll Want to stop dog aggression towards cats? Certified trainers tell us which training commands and management strategies work best. I love Thor more than anything in the Apr 14, 2025 · Why does my dog want to play with my cat? One of the really common explanations for play between cats and dogs is that it almost acts as a mechanism for translation. they do hunt they are from the dog family. The simplest way you can do this is by saying their name with a stern voice, then uttering a command such as “Stop!” or “Leave it!” (your dog should have mastered these commands already). Discover reasons, prevention strategies, and actions to take if your dog ingests a cat. Unfortunately, dog attacks against cats do happen. How awful. If someone has harmed the cats you care for, there are steps you can take. However, it is important to Aug 30, 2025 · The 7 Steps When Your Dog Kills a Rabbit 1. Answer: By implementing stricter containment measures, supervising your dog around other animals, and seeking professional guidance, you can take proactive steps to prevent similar incidents from occurring. Additionally, dogs are natural predators, and a pooch that kills a cat may have instinctively acted on its prey drive. It is important to understand why the dog fatally injured the cat. The 25 lbs isn't reassuring. To delve deeper into this topic, we spoke with several professionals in the field who offered insights and advice on how to handle a situation where a dog wants to harm a cat. My two cents on how to go from here: keep the surviving cat away from Otis, at all times or rehome this kitty if you want to keep the dog. The truth is, dogs do give warning signs, even if they are subtle. They can be scary. This article provides general information on immediate actions, your legal responsibilities, the potential outcomes for your dog, and how local laws shape these consequences. Do Dogs Kill Cats? Dogs can kill cats. 3 days ago · Dog breeds with a strong prey instinct will be more likely to want to chase cats and could get carried away to the point where they may seek to harm them or even kill them. I don't believe there is a humane solution here that doesn't involve rehoming either the cats or the dog. Dogs have certain anger on cats but when this behavior is corrected even if the cat was from the neighborhood or just a Feb 18, 2018 · Why do dogs try to kill cats? It's a strange and worrying question to be asking yourself, isn't it? If you've just experienced your pet pooch acting in a savage and completely unexpected manner at the sight of a cat, you're probably still reeling from the shock. There have been reported instances of dogs that attack cats going on to attack children. Part of the series: Training Tips for Dogs. In the end, dogs are dogs and it's best to not leave them alone with a cat. In Colorado during winter I lost 3 cats to a family of foxes. Helping your dog get over his aggression to cats focuses on a few approaches. The appropriate response when your Shepherd encounters a cat in your home or neighborhood is to either ignore the cat or wait in a non-threatening and friendly position for the cat to approach him--that is, if the cat wants to. 4 and 2. If anything, the cat will have put up a fight if it happens and you'll be able to tell that it wasn't an accident. Mar 6, 2022 · A dog can kill a cat either due to territorial-based aggression, stress, or poor socialization; In some cases, it can even be accidental. Control the Prey Drive and Don’t Be Fooled: Your Dog Will Do It Again Your dog is a descendant of wolves and is considered an apex predator, so it’s in their nature to hunt. If your dog wants to play, you are way ahead of the game. They simply don't know it's not okay to pull the cat's tail. If your dog simply hates cats or won't accept a newcomer to the home, you may never be successful in getting them together. Apr 18, 2023 · These solutions may or may not not work—cats are often clever at getting what they want—and they all come with downsides to your and your dog’s enjoyment of the yard. If you want to avoid finding another But prey drive is a difficult thing to train a dog to ignore, and when you're talking about a dog who actually wants to kill your cats, the stakes are too high. It can be difficult to tell whether your dog wants to play with your cat or kill it. please help! Robert The following guidelines can help you stop a dog from chasing a cat through management (preventing the problem) and training (motivating the dog to change the behavior). Please don’t message me asking for him. Here we explain why this happens and how to stop it. Nov 6, 2017 · Learn how to train your dog to not kill small animals using socialization, ‘down’, and focus training methods. People don't want to believe that a fix will kill and eat cats. Mar 28, 2025 · A step-by-step guide on how to poison cats, covering various methods, symptoms, and treatments. My husky killed a squirrel for the first time, have any of you had experience trying to convince a partner or family member that it is natural and he knows the difference between our 2lb puppy and our cat who is also his best friend. While Golden Retrievers are generally known for their friendly and gentle nature, any dog has the potential to harm or even kill a cat if certain circumstances arise. It's estimated that dogs kill between 1. Does your dog chase cats, cars, bicycles and other dogs? Learn how to tame prey drive in a dog with these tips. Not saying beagles and dachshunds are always Dec 28, 2022 · Learn what to do if your dog kills a stray (or owned) cat, can you face legal issues, what to do after the incident, and how to train your dog to prevent this. According to Adrienne Faricelli, a dog trainer and a blogger, dogs will instinctively kill and chase cats who are trying to run away. Our Barney has bitten 2 people, has to be sedated for the vet and the groomer, wants to kill our cat and will kill birds if he can catch them… they are just hunters 🤷🏻♀️ It has been a myth between dog owners and a legend that dogs and cats always have to be enemies or that dogs still kill cats or destroy their bones. Jan 20, 2025 · Certainly all this depends on whether a dog simply wants to chase cats or wants to kill cats. Consider supervising the dog in the yard, at least when there are the most small animals - prey can bite back and injure your dog. For example, a dog may want to play with a cat, but to the cat, this behavior may be perceived as threatening. We need to look into animal aggression and pet safety more closely. The cat and I screamed and I tried to pull the dog further but she kept coming back to bite. Based on the search results, it is possible for a Golden Retriever to kill a cat. My dog has always been friendly towards my cat, so why did he suddenly attack her? – Changes in the environment or the introduction of a new pet can trigger stress and anxiety in dogs, leading to aggressive behavior towards cats. If you’re noticing that your dog is aggressive toward your cat, or even a neighborhood cat, you’ll want to nip that problem in the bud quickly. A few times the dog has cornered the cat and barks aggressively. Play Styles. But you can eliminate the pests without hurting your pets with these methods. If your dog has killed a stray cat, you may be concerned about the repercussions. Before we get into tips on what to do next if your dog has killed a cat, let’s explore why this may have happened in more depth. Jun 19, 2025 · Understanding a dog’s body language can help you predict if it’ll act aggressively or playfully towards a cat. However - she seems to want to chase cats with the intent to kill them : 0 I have had dogs before that chased cats - but this is very different. Understanding Dog’s Instincts First thing first, dogs, like any other animals, do not kill out of rage or revenge. Confronting animal cruelty can be overwhelming, but the cats need your help. Please find her a new home because there is no way this situation can be fair to her, to your cats, or to you. I’m not sure how he killed the cat but it is not uncommon for a dog to “shake” a cat creating enough trauma to kill it or crushing injuries. Sep 19, 2012 · I need HELP fast! Hey guys, I joined this recently in search of help for my dog. Lots of thoughts will likely be going through the dog owner's mind, such as, why did my dog do this? Is this a sign that my dog is aggressive? What exactly happened? You may also be wondering if your dog is capable of killing Apr 29, 2019 · Why your veterinarian may refuse to euthanise your pet Published: April 29, 2019 4:12pm EDT Vets often grapple with the moral dilemma of when a client wants to kill an inconvenient pet. Oct 20, 2025 · If you own a cat and a dog you might understand the frustrations that come with it if they are not friends. My dog would always chase cats outside but he wouldn't hurt them, he would just let them go even if he caught up to them so i wasn't worried about it since it's been happening for almost 3 years. May 16, 2024 · Learn about the aggressive behaviors, body language, vocalizations, and obsessive tendencies that indicate your dog may pose a threat to your cat. I have a new two year old Jack Russell Terrier mix and she wants to kill my cat. Chasing cats though is not a behavior that should be encouraged nor allowed for dog to rehearse for both the dogs’ and cats’ sake. Predatory drive is the inherent urge to hunt, chase, and capture prey. However, it is important to If they want them, you need to have a talk with them about how dangerous it is and how likely it is for outside cats to get killed or injured by dogs, cars, or assholes. This isn’t because they’re hungry or trying to eat the cat. Sep 19, 2012 · I joined this recently in search of help for my dog. Nov 6, 2022 · We always assume that our dog and our cat will get along, but this isn’t the case. One method to get your dog to change his mind about the kitten is to be sure your dog understands the kitten has a high place in the hierarchy. The first step is to determine what the cause is for May 17, 2022 · Dogs, being carnivores, may be inclined to eat cats. Even though the action is outrageously horrible, it is really not the dog’s fault. Jun 1, 2011 · This seven-step training guide will keep your dog from chasing or attacking small animals like squirrels, birds, chickens, and cats. The impulse to chase and grab is hardwired and pretty strong. And no one forgives a child killer, so why should I forgive myself? And if I don't then how do I live? Learn to recognize signs my dog wants to kill my cat and ensure safety with expert tips on managing aggression. The second thing is, she did get away and get to the cat once (we didn't know the cat was inside). It’s essential to understand that a dog killing a cat is not necessarily indicative of aggression. Dogs are known to be more kind than cats (every owner who had both animals will say the same). May 14, 2021 · The first time that you see your little one be mean to animals, it's usually in their toddler years. Make sure the rabies Jul 15, 2025 · Can You Kill a Dog That’s Attacking You? The right to self-defense extends to animal attacks, but using force is governed by strict legal standards of reasonableness and necessity. It's not a behavioral problem and you can't train it out of them. She It is normal for many dogs to chase small animals and kill them if they can (prey drive). How to stop a dog from chasing a cat Cat-chasing is a self-reinforcing behavior — the more the cat runs, the more the dog will want to chase. Search for dogs, cats, and other available pets for adoption near you with Petfinder. This is a heartbreaking situation that no pet parent wants to experience. Facts you should know: Anti-cruelty laws exist in all 50 states and the District of Columbia Anti-cruelty laws differ on a state-by-state basis All cats should be protected under anti-cruelty laws, regardless of ownership There is a link between violence to animals and violence to people Alley Cat Allies advocates for stronger anti-cruelty laws and […] Jun 2, 2024 · Did you know that only 46% of cats survive after being attacked by a dog 1? This shows how serious dog-on-cat aggression is. The first thing is, I've pet the cat around her, while holding her leash, and she became more interested in the cat's food than the cat itself. That dog wants to kill your cat and will likely kill your cat if you "introduce" them at this point. Sometimes my dog ignores him, but other times she’ll lunge and bark at the cat. The look of a person who wants to kill is unhidden #cat #puppy #pets #dogs #dog #doglife #cute #puppylove #pet #doglovers Oct 19, 2025 · The primary reasons a dog chases cats are because the dog wants to play with the cat (perhaps thinking it's another dog), or because the cat's movement triggers your dog's predator/prey instincts. Jul 2, 2024 · Discover the compassionate choice of cat euthanasia at home: peaceful, private, and comforting for your beloved feline companion. Nov 23, 2016 · Over the summer, I was interviewed by the Irish newspaper The Journal about someone deliberately trying to poison a dog by throwing three rat poison-stuffed chorizo sausages into Linda O’Byrne Learn to recognize signs my dog wants to kill my cat and ensure safety with expert tips on managing aggression. Giving Your Pet to a Shelter or Rescue is a Last Resort The last option is for you to turn your pet into a shelter. But how can you tell if your cat really wants to do you harm? In this article, we’ll explore the signs your cat wants to kill you, along with some interesting trends related to the topic. If my dog had been around a cat for that long, she would have already made a move on it, although given that my dog is 34 lbs, it's questionable if she could kill a cat. If your dog is having a hard time getting along with the family cat, this could lead to a serious problem. Here are some techniques to stop your dog from killing animals. He does show strong protective behavior toward you and shows a prey instinct – at least he did once toward a cat. Here’s what you need to know. Edit: I am not giving my husky away. I’d say that’s an intrusive thought. Apr 2, 2025 · Unfortunately, dogs kill cats occasionally, and in many cases, the dog owner is completely blindsided and cannot understand why their usually sweet dog would kill a cat. Looking into whether dogs kill cats, we see important patterns in Jun 30, 2017 · The narcissist wants your attention on them at all times. Facilities kill animals to make room for new ones, to manage disease, or to compensate for inadequate staff or funding. Common Signs My Dog Wants to Kill My Cat Excessive Barking The excessive barking of the dog may be triggered by the presence of the kitten, as the dog’s prey drive could cause heightened excitement or stress. She was found in the woods and it is believed that she lived in the woods by herself (with a puppy) for a few months. They're also breeds for whom impulse control doesn't tend to come easily. She is worried that he will kill the cat now. Heartbroken after one dog killed your other? Learn why it happened and the steps to ensure safety, prevent it, and cope with the loss. You could spend months and thousands of dollars on training and there's still a good chance that when one of the cats runs, the dog is going to see it as prey and kill it. These housemates can even become Thank you for rescuing this sweet dog. What should I do if My Neighbor’s dog is Killing my Cats? If An attack by a dog on a cat can be an indication of a dog that is dangerous and needs control. I've tried to provide ample detail here on Candy (our dog), our household set up, her background, the problem and what we have tried to do. If your dog is known to kill every cat it comes across it seems like a solid death warrant for your cat. Oct 15, 2024 · Dogs killing cats is a distressing topic for many pet owners. please help! Robert SaveShare Like Sort by Oldest first aiw 2119 posts · Joined 2012 #2 Jun 9, 2024 · Learn why dogs may attack cats and discover effective strategies to prevent such incidents, ensuring a safer environment for all your pets. Learn about the different types of poisons and how to administer them safely and effectively. However, most canines can quickly overpower cats, leading to some grisly scenes of violence that leave owners speechless. Certain dog breeds that were bred to chase down smaller prey, like terriers, or coursing dogs like Greyhounds, may instinctively go after cats. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. my felines were on my porch. rkgmbj efud qsszgi brvek wph nnwsh wpvofq vsli yqvm wptu cgtuk oviqokx obkeh llpcro wnkxgd